Ocean Steamships 1891 - Gould. Rideing, Seaton, Chadwick, Kelley and Hunt

Ocean Steamships: Popular Account Of Their Construction Development, Management And Appliances By: F. E Chadwick, U. S. N., John H. Gould, J. D. J. Kelley, U. S. N., William H. Rideing.
Ridgely Hunt, U. S. N., A. E. Seaton With Ninety-Six Illustrations, New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons (1891).

With Ninety-six Illustrations. 8vo, pp. xv, 298. (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1891.) Few books will leave the press during this holiday season which are at once so solid and satisfying in their matter and so sumptuous in their form as this volume.

The writers have divided between them the subjects of " The Development of the Steamship," "Speed in Ocean Steamers," "The Building of an ' Ocean Greyhound,' " "Ocean Passenger Travel," "The Ship's Company," "Safety On the Atlantic," "The Ocean Steamship as a Freight Carrier," and " The Steamship Lines of the World "—each treating his subject with the skill of a specialist and the clarity of a popular writer.

The numerous illustrations (some of them from instantaneous photographs) are drawn by the best marine artists, and breathe of the sea. Even the artistic cover has its appropriate part in making a perfect volume.

Contents.

The Development Of The Steamship
By Commander F. E. Chadwick, U. S. Navy.

Slow Growth of the Idea of Steam Propulsion—Models Shown at the Liverpool Exhibition in 1886—Claims of Precedence in the Invention of Steamboats—What Fulton Accomplished—the Clermont— the Voyage of the Savannah in 1819—the First War Steamer— the Atlantic Crossed by the Sirius and Great Western in 1888-Founding of the Cunard Company—Invention of the Screw Propeller—Its Application to the Archimedes and the Great Britain —Early Fleet of the Cunard Company—American Enterprises— the Screw Steamer Princeton—Establishment of the Pacific Mail —the Collins Line—Its Success and Ultimate Failure—the Great Eastern—Beginning of Great Rivalry in Speed—Triple Expansion Engines—Important Changes in Design.

Speed In Ocean Steamers
By A. E. Seaton.

The Viking’s Craft and the Modern “Greyhound”—Problems of Inertia and Resistance—Primary Condition for High Speed—What Is Meant by “Coefficient of Fineness” and “Indicated Horse-Power” —Advance in Economical Engines—What the Compound Engine Effected—a Comparison of Fast Steamers From 1836 to 1890—Prejudice Against Propellers and High Pressures—Advantages of More Than One Screw Propeller—Attempts at Propulsion by Turbine Wheels, Ejections, and Pumps—the Introduction of Siemens-Martin Steel in 1875 the Chief Factor in the Success of Modern Fast Steamers—Decrease in Coal Consumption—Importance of Forced Draughts—the Problem of Mechanical Stoking—Possibilities of Liquid Fuel—Is the Present Speed Likely to Be Increased ?

The Building Of An “Ocean Greyhound”
By William H. Rideing.

The Cost of an Ocean Racer—Intricate “Financing” of Such an Undertaking—the Contract With the Ship-Builders—the Uncertain Element in Designing—Great Ship Yards Along the Clyde—the Plans of a Steamer on Paper—Enlargement of Plans in the “ Mold Loft ”—What Is Meant by “ Fairing the Ship ’’—the “ Scrive Board”—Laying Down the Keel—Making the Huge Ribs—When a Ship Is “in Frame’’—Shaping and Trimming the Plates—Riveting and Caulking—Ready for Launching—the Great “Plant” Which Is Necessary for the Building of a Ship—Description of a Typical Yard—Works Covering Seventy Four Acres—Where the Shaft Is Forged—the Lathes at Work—the Adjustment of Parts—Seven Thousand Workmen.

Ocean Passenger Travel
By John H. Gould.

The First Ocean Race—Passenger Traffic in the Old Clipper Days— State-Rooms and Table Fare in Early Days—the First Ocean Mail Contract—Discomforts Fifty Years Ago—American Transatlantic Lines — Government Subsidies — Novelties on the Collins Line — When Steerage Passengers Were Allowed on Ocean Steamships— Important Changes in the Comport of Passengers Wrought by the Oceanic in 1870—the Present Era of Twin-Screw Ships—Their Advantages—the Fastest Voyages East and West—Records of the Great Racers—Modern Conveniences and Luxuries—the Increase in the Number of Cabin Passengers Prom 1881 to 1890—How the Larder Is Supplied—Electric Lights, Libraries, and Music-Rooms— Customs Peculiar to the French, German, and British Lines—Life in the Steerage—Immigration Statistics—Government Regulations.

The Ship’s Company
By Lieutenant J. D. Jerrold Kelley, U. S. Navy.

Has Steam Ruined the Genuine Sailors of Story and Song? Hauling a Liner Out of the Liverpool Docks | the Traits of Master-Mariners | Education of Junior Officers | a Fire Drill | Stowing the Cargo | Down the Channel in a Fog | the Routine Life at Sea | the Trials of Keeping Watch | a BO’s’n’s Right to Bluster | Steering by Steam | Scrubbing the Decks in the Middle Watches | Formalities of Inspection | the Magic Domain of the Engine-Room | Picturesqueness of the Stoke-Hole | Messes of the Crew | the Noon Observation | Life Among the Cabin Passengers | Boat Drill | Pleasures Toward the End of the Voyage | the Concert | Scenes in the Smoking-Room | Wagers on the Pilot-Boat Number | Fire Island Light and the End of the Voyage

Safety On The Atlantic
By William H. Rideing.

The Dangers of the Sea—Precautions in a Fog—Anxieties of the Captain—Creeping up the Channel—“Ashore at South Stack”—Narrow Escape of the Baltic—Some Notable Shipwrecks—Statistics Since 1838 — the Region of Icebergs — When They Are Most Frequent—Calamities From Ice—Safety Promoted by Speed—Modern Protection From Incoming Seas—Bulkheads and Double Bottoms — Water Tight Compartments—the Special Advantage of the Longitudinal Bulkhead—the Value of Twin Screws—Dangers From a Broken Shaft—Improvements in the Mariner's Compass, the Patent Log, and Sounding Machine—Manganese Bronze for Propellers—Lights, Buoys, and Fog Signals —the Remarkable Record of 1890.

The Ocean Steamship As A Freight Carrier
By John H. Gould.

Revenue of the Ship S Cargo—Amount of Freight Carried by Express Steamships—Gross Tonnage of Important Lines Running Prom New York—the Merchant Marine of the United States—the “ Atlantic Limited "—the Sea Post-Office—in the Specie Room—Enormous Refrigerators—the New Class of “Freighters’’—Large Cargoes and Small Coal Consumption—the Ocean “Tramp”—Advantages of the :”Whaleback”—Vessels for Carrying Grain—Floating Elevators—the Fruit Steamship—Tank Steamships for Carrying Oil— Peculiarities of Their Construction—the Molasses Ship—Scenes on the Piers When Steamships Are Loading—Steam Hoisting Apparatus —How the Freight Is Stowed—Coaling—the Loading of Cattle Ships—“Cowboys of the Sea”—Ocean Traffic the Index of a Nation's Prosperity.

Steamship Lines Of The World
By Lieutenant Ridgely Hunt, U. S. Navy.

Important Part Taken by the United States in Establishing Ocean Routes—Rivalry in Sailing Vessels With England—Effect of the Discovery of Gold in California—the Cape Horn Route—Australian Packet Lines—the Problem of a Short Route to India—Four Main Routes of Steamship Traffic—Characteristics of the Regular Service Between Europe and the East—Port Said and the Suez Canal—Scenes at Aden and at Bombay—the Run to Colombo, Ceylon—Some of the by-Ways of Travel From Singapore—the Pacific Mail—From Yokohama to San Francisco—Two Routes From Panama to Yew York — South American Ports — Magnificent Scenery of the Magellan Straits—Beauties of the Port of Rio—the Great Ocean Route From London to Australia.

List of Illustrations.

Full-Page Illustrations.

1. A Drama of the Sea, Frontispiece
2. Specifications of Early Patents Taken Out in England
3. The Etruria
4. Triple-Expansion Engine of the Aller, Trave, and Saale
5. The Giovanni Bausan, of the Italian Navy
6. The North German Lloyd Steamer Kaiser Wilhelm II
7. The White Star Steamer Majestic
8. The Inman Line Steamer City of Paris
9. General View of the Frames of the City of New York—June 25, 1887
10. In the Grand Saloon of an Inman Steamer
11. The End of the Voyage
12. In the Steerage
13. On the Bridge in a Gale
14. “Muster, All Hands”
15. Night Signaling, Out of Reckoning—a Narrow Escape
16. Landing Stages at Liverpool
17. At Close Quarters. Among the Icebergs
18. The Deep-Sea Sounding Machine at Work
19. Loading Grain From a Floating Elevator
20. Unloading and Loading a Coastwise Steamer by Electric Light
21. The “Whaleback” Steamship for Grain and Other Freight
22. Unloading a Banana Steamship
23. A Cattle Steamship at Sea
24. Chart of the World, Showing the Principal Steamship Routes
25. Deck Quoits on a P. and O. Liner
26. Entrance to the Suez Canal at Port Said
27. The Port of Valparaiso in a Norther

The Great Western

The City of Rome

Inman Line Steamer City of Paris

In the Grad Saloon of an American Steamer

The End of a Voyage

Illustrations In The Text.

1. The Great Western, From an Old Painting
2. Cross-Section of the Great Western
3. The Great Britain
4. Plan of the Hibernia and Cambria
5. Model of the Persia and Scotia
6. Longitudinal Section of the Warship Duilio
7. The Britannic
8. Cross-Section of the Oregon
9. Cross-Section of the Servia
10. Longitudinal Section of the Champagne
11. The Chilean Cruiser Esmeralda
12. The Belted Cruiser Orlando, With Twin Screws
13. Tex City or Rome
15. Tax Cutter Going at Full Speed
16. Steamer Princess Henriette at Full Speed
17. Steamer Duchess of Hamilton at Full Speed—21 Miles per Hour
18. Passenger Steamer Columba at Full Speed—21 Miles per Hour
19. The Twin Screws of the City of New York
20. The Propeller of the North German Lloyd Steamer Havel
21. Becent Naval Engine
22. Italian Cruiser Piemonte at Full Speed—22.8 Knots = 25 Miles per Hour
23. The Umbria Just Before Launching
24. Frames of the City of New York, Looking Aft—July 19, 1887
25. Frames of the City of New York, Looking Forward—July 19, 1887
26. The Manganese Bronze Propeller-Blade of the Wrecked Steamer Mosel, After It Had Beaten Upon a Beef
27. A Stern View, Showing Twin Screws
28. The City of New York ready for Launching
29. Model of a Steamer Designed to Cross the Atlantic in Five Days
30. The Steamer’s Barber-Shop
31. More Comfortable on Deck
32. A Quiet Flirtation
33. Smoking-Room of a French Liner
34. The Gang Plank—Just Before Sailing
35. The Saloon of a Hamburg Steamer
36. The Pilot Boarding
37. Revenue Officer Boarding, New York Bat
38. Down the Channel in a Fog—a Narrow Escape
39. The Skipper
40. The Deck Lookout—“ Danger Ahead”
41. The Boatswain’s Whistle
42. The Cook
43. Washing Down the Decks
44. The Stoke Hole
45. In the Fo’Castle
46. Watching for the Sun on a Cloudy Day
47. The Deck Steward
48. Captain’s Breakfast
49. The Night Signal of a Disabled Steamer
50. Eddystone Lighthouse, English Channel
51. A Whistling Buoy
52. Lighthouse, Atlantic City, N. J.
53. A Bell Buoy
54. Lighthouse, Sanibel Island, Fla.
55. Off Fire Island, New York
56. Gedney’s Channel, Outside New York Harbor, at Night
57. The Lightship, off Sandy Hook
58. Broken Bow of la Champagne, After Her Collision Outside New York Harbor, December, 1890
59. A Passenger Steamship
60. A Tank Steamship, Showing the Expansion Tank
61. Steamship With Oil, by Force Pumps
62. Arabia
63. Tropics
64. An Orient Liner
65. Natal, South Africa
66. Anchor, Simon’s Bay, Cape of Good Hope